๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์˜์–ด ์„ž์–ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ˜๊นŒโ€ฆ.. 1ํ•™๋…„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๋ฌผ ๋จน์–ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜๋‹ค.

โ€‹

์•Œ๊ณ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ, ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋กœ๋Š” ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜์–ด์—์„  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋œป์ด ๋‚˜๋ˆ ์ง„๋‹ค.

โ€‹

์ด ์žฅ์—์„  Verification, Validation์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โ€‹

โ€‹

Verification

IEEE-STD-610์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด๋ง ํ‘œ์ค€์€ โ€œVerificationโ€์„ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ •์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โ€œA test of a system to prove that it meets all its specified requirements at a particular stage of its development.โ€ (โ€œํŠน์ • ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ง€์ •๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ.โ€)

IEEE-STD-610

Verification์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€ ํŠน์ • ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„์ œํ’ˆ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ์‹ค์ œ ๋™์ž‘ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์™„์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, โ€˜๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์ง€์‹œ๋“ฑ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋ฉดโ€™

โ€˜ํ•ธ๋“ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์ด ์ž๋™์ฐจ์˜ ์ง€์‹œ๋“ฑ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ œํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์•ˆ์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?โ€™, โ€˜์ง€์‹œ๋“ฑ์ด ์ผœ์ง€๊ณ  ๊บผ์ง€๋Š”๊ฐ€?โ€™, โ€˜๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ผœ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์—†๋Š”๊ฐ€?โ€™, โ€˜์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ช…๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋Š์ •๋„ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๊ฐ€?โ€™ ๋“ฑโ€ฆ ์™„์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ํ™”ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฒ€์ฆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โ€‹

โ€‹

โ€‹

Validation

โ€œAn activity that ensures that an end product stakeholderโ€™s true needs and expectations are met.โ€(โ€œ์™„์ œํ’ˆ์ด ๋ชฉ์ ์— ์ถฉ์กฑ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธโ€)

IEEE-STD-610

์ทจ์—… ํ•  ๋•Œ, ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ ์‚ด ๋•Œ ์ŠคํŽ™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ ? ์„ฑํ˜•์™ธ๊ณผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์†Œ์œ„ ๊ฒฌ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ตฌ์š”. ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ’์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž๋™์ฐจ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ณ โ€ฆ ์†๋„๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ณ โ€ฆ ํž˜์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ณ โ€ฆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ๊ฒŒ ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งž๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

(1) ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค๊ฐ€.. ์ฃผ์š” ์ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์ค‘๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ 2๋ฐฐ ์—ฐ๋ด‰์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์˜† ๋‚˜๋ผ ๊ณต์žฅ์— ๋ถˆ์ด ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋„์ฒด ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰์ด ์•ˆ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ถœ๊ทผ์„ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,, ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

(2) ๋ฌด์—์„œ ์œ ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๊ธฐํšํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ์ž๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฑธ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณต์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทผ๋ฐ ์ด ๊ธฐํšํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์ดํ…œ์„ ์—”์ง€๋‹ˆ์–ด, ๋””์ž์ด๋„ˆ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ฉดโ€ฆ ๊ตฐ๋งน๋ฌด์ƒ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žฅ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ ๋งŒ์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋“ฏ.. ์ง„ํ–‰์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํšŒ์˜๋„ ์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์ด ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ ธ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ๋ง‰์ƒ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ธฐํšํ•œ๊ฑฐ๋ž‘ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โ€‹

๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์—”, Vallidation์ด๋ผ๋Š”. โ€˜์ดํ•ด๊ด€๊ณ„์žโ€™๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒŒ โ€˜๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํšํ–ˆ๋˜๊ฑฐ ์ž˜ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋„คโ€™ or โ€˜์•„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹Œ๋ฐ, ์ด๊ฑฐ ํŒ”๋ฆฌ๊ธด ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„.โ€™ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ…๋„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

error

discrepancy between a computed, observed or measured value or condition, and the true, specified or theoretically correct value or condition

๊ณ„์‚ฐ, ๊ด€์ฐฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์ธก์ •๋œ ๊ฐ’ ๋˜๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ์ฐธ, ์ง€์ •๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ฐ’ ๋˜๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜

โ€‹

failure

termination of the ability of an element (1.32), to perform a function as required

ํ•„์š”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์š”์†Œ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ์ข…๋ฃŒ

โ€‹

fault

abnormal condition that can cause an element (1.32) or an item (1.69) to fail

์š”์†Œ ๋˜๋Š” ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ์‹คํŒจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ƒํƒœ

โ€‹

Wrong:

When requirements are implemented not in the right way. This defect is a variance from the given specification.

์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌํ˜„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ. ์ด ๊ฒฐํ•จ์€ ์ง€์ •๋œ ์‚ฌ์–‘๊ณผ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ.

โ€‹

Missing

A requirement of the customer that was not fulfilled. This is a variance from the specifications, an indication that a specification was not implemented, or a requirement of the customer was not noted correctly.

๊ณ ๊ฐ์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โ€‹

Extra

A requirement incorporated into the product that was not given by the end customer. This is always a variance from the specification, but maybe an attribute desired by the user of the product.

๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.

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Engineering change order (ECO)

An engineering change order (ECO) is a document that specifies either new product design details or proposed changes to existing products. ECOs provide a list of all the components, assemblies, and other documents that are affected. The engineering change order is sent to all key stakeholders (change control board or โ€œCCBโ€) including engineering, quality, procurement, manufacturing, and external design teams or supply chain partners in many cases. Every CCB member is responsible to determine the impact of the change order and whether the ECO can. be implemented as planned and on time. CCB members will approve or reject the change and when all CCB members have approved the ECO, then it can be acted upon.

์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ ์ •๋ฆฌ.

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ECR(Engineering Change Request)

์ œํ’ˆ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋ฐ ํŒ๋งค ๋“ฑ ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ์ œํ’ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐœ์„  ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ๋„์ถœ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ๊ฒ€ํ†  ๋ฐ ์กฐ์น˜์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž ์ •๋ณด, ์š”์ฒญ ๋‚ด์šฉ, ์กฐ์น˜ ์š”๋ง์ผ ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ์š”์ฒญํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โ€‹

ECO(Engineering Change Order)

๋ถ€ํ’ˆ๊ณผ ์กฐ๋ฆฝํ’ˆ ๋ฐ ๊ด€๋ จ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋“ค์˜ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ(์ถ”๊ฐ€, ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ, ์‚ญ์ œ ๋“ฑ) ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ECR์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ์กฐ์น˜์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ๋Œ€์ƒ๊ณผ ๋ฒ”์œ„, ์กฐ๊ฑด ๋“ฑ์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๋ฉด ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ตœ์ข… ์Šน์ธ๊ณผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์Šน์ธ๊ถŒ์ž๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โ€‹

ECN(Engineering Change Notice)

ECO์—์„œ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ ์Šน์ธ๊ถŒ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ตœ์ข… ์Šน์ธ ๋ฐ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋ฅผ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์œผ๋กœ, ECO๊ฐ€ ์Šน์ธ๋˜๋ฉด ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๊ณ , ECO๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ จ์—…๋ฌด์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐํฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โ€‹

ECP(Engineering Change Proposal)

ํ˜•์ƒ ์‹๋ณ„์„œ ์ž‘์„ฑ ์ดํ›„์— ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌผํ’ˆ์˜ ํ˜•์ƒ, ํŠน์„ฑ, ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์ œ์•ˆ(์„œ)์„ ๋œปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.