Interconnect
Definition: Interconnect in VLSI refers to the metal wires that connect various components and devices on an integrated circuit.
Key Points:
- Critical for signal transmission and power distribution
- Multiple layers of metal used in modern ICs
- Significant impact on chip performance and power consumption
Types:
- Local: Short connections within a circuit block
- Global: Long-distance connections across the chip
- Power and Ground: For power distribution
Challenges:
- RC delay in long interconnects
- Crosstalk between adjacent wires
- Electromigration in high-current paths
Design Considerations:
- Wire width and spacing
- Metal layer selection
- Repeater insertion for long paths
Importance:
- Can dominate circuit delay in advanced nodes
- Affects power consumption and signal integrity
- Key factor in physical design and timing closure
Efficient interconnect design is crucial for high-performance, low-power VLSI circuits.